工字钢冷弯机公司-加工厂

隧道支护结构体系是围岩稳定性控制的关键,也是隧道设计的基本任务,而对支护结构之间相互作用过程和机制的系统认识则是定量化设计的基础. 本文从隧道围岩结构性和支护作用的本质特征出发,提出隧道支护具有"调动"和"协助"围岩承载的基本作用,明确了二者的功能分配原则和实现方式,即分别通过超前支护的保障作用、初期支护的核心作用和二次衬砌的储备作用共同完成;针对围岩的正面挤出、前倾式冒落和后倾式冒落等三种超前破坏模式,分别给出了相应的超前支护方式和支护效果评价方法;提出初期支护作为隧道围岩附加载荷的主要承担者,包括锚固体系与拱架及喷射混凝土结构,分别通过"调动"和"协助"围岩实现其承载功能,且同时具有"支"与"护"的作用;阐明了二次衬砌结构作为储备功能的内涵,建立了二次衬砌结构的载荷分担比率与刚度匹配性、支护时机的关系,并据此给出了二次衬砌结构参数和施作时机的建议值;建立了以围岩变形量$S$小和协同度$\xi$优为目标,基于超前支护、初期支护和二次衬砌与围岩相互作用三阶段的协同支护优化模型,明确了支护结构体系与围岩、不同支护结构之间以及支护结构要素之间三个层次的协同关系,并提出了隧道支护结构体系协同优化设计方法.

关键词: 隧道工程, 支护结构体系, "支护——围岩"动态作用, 协同作用, 支护结构设计

Abstract:

Tunnel support structure system is the key of controlling the stability of surrounding rock, which is also the basic task of tunnel design, while systemic understanding of the process and mechanism of interaction among support structures is the basis of quantitative design. This paper embarks from structural property of tunnel surrounding rock and the constitutive property of support effect, the basic function of tunnel support that "mobilizing" and "assisting" surrounding rock bearing is put forward, of which the function distribution principle and realization way are clarified, namely, through the guarantee role of advanced support, the core role of primary support and safety reserve role of secondary lining to complete. In view of three advanced failure modes including the positive extrusion, the forward type caving and posterior tilt falling of surrounding rock, the corresponding advanced support pattern and its effect evaluation method are given respectively. The primary support is the main undertaker of tunnel surrounding rock additional load, including the anchorage system and the arch and shotcrete structure, whose bearing function is carried out by "mobilizing" and "assisting" surrounding rock respectively, and also have the function of "bracing" and "protecting". The connotation of secondary lining structure as security reserve function is illuminated. The relationship between load sharing ratio and stiffness matching and support time of secondary lining structure is established, according to which the suggestive values of structure parameters and support time of secondary lining are provided. The collaborative support optimization model is set up based on the three stages of the interaction between advanced support, primary support, secondary lining and surrounding rock, whose targets are minimizing surrounding rock deformation S and optimizing synergy degreeξ. Three levels of synergy including relations between support structure system and surrounding rock, different support structures and different support structure elements are clarified. And a collaborative optimization design method for tunnel support structure is proposed.

结构与性能特点

（1）结构：由主电机、减速器、滚轮、油泵电机、齿轮油泵、溢流阀、电液换向阀、工作油缸、顶轮及油箱等部件组成。

（2）性能特点:

A、钢拱架用设备，亦可弯曲大曲率工字钢、U型钢、槽钢立弯和横弯。

B、双电机驱动，液压缸推进。

C、按下液压缸“前进”按钮，液压缸到达设计要求位置后弯曲成形，操作方便。

D、结构合理，工作可*靠，适合大型型钢，大弯曲半径弯制。

工字钢弯拱机操作流程为：

1、将所需冷弯加工的型钢由辅*助系统的门式托架推放在两主动滚轮之间；

2、启动液压系统使液压缸推动燕尾槽和冷弯滚轮冷压型钢；

3、达到设计所需弧度时关闭液压系统，启动机械传动系统，使主动滚轮转动并依靠摩擦力带动型钢平稳缓慢前行，从而实现连续冷弯作业；

4、冷弯结束时，关闭机械传动系统的同时，启动液压系统，将冷弯型钢放置在辅*助系统 的门式托架上。